CLASS: SS2 WEEK: 2 TOPIC: Central Processing Unit

CONTENT The main objective of the CPU is to perform mathematical calculations on binary numbers; still there are other goals of using CPU as well. The CPU comprises many hardware components like motherboard and circuits. A central processing unit (CPU) is the hardware within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetical, logical, control, and input/output operations of the system. COMPONENTS OF THE CPU As in the picture above the CPU is made up of the following: I. The control unit II. The ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) III. Memory Unit Two typical components of a CPU are the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which performs arithmetic and logical operations, and the control unit(CU), which extracts instructions from memory and decodes and executes them, calling on the ALU when necessary. The control Unit (CU): The control unit is a component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that directs operation of the processor. It tells the computer's memory, arithmetic/logic unit and input and output devices how to respond to a program's instructions. It directs the operation of the other units by providing timing and control signals. All computer resources are managed by the CU (Control Unit). It directs the flow of data between the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and the other devices. In modern computer designs, the control unit is typically an internal part of the CPU with its overall role and operation unchanged. The ALU: An ALU performs basic arithmetic and logic operations. Examples of arithmetic operations are addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Examples of logic operations are comparisons of values such as NOT, AND, and OR. The logical operations compare numbers, letters and special characters. The relational operations (=,<,>) are used to describe the comparison operations used by the ALU.